Henry v



`(No Model.)

H. v. SMITH. RATGHET BRAGB.

N0;.5o5,611. Patenteasept. 26,1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

HENRY V. SMITH, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOSEPH lV. STORRS, OF SAME PLACE.

RATCH ET-BRAC E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 505,611, dated September 26, 1893.

Application filed June 22, 1893. Serial No. 478,528. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY V. SMITH, of

Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ratchet-Braces, of which the followingis a full, clear, and eX- act description, whereby any one skilledin the art can make and use the same.

My invention relates to the class of devices used in drilling implements to enable a for` ward movement of the drill or supporting tool to be given by a pumping movement of the lever handle, such implements being adapted for use in limited spaces.

The object of my invention is to provide a ratchet device which is applicable to tools ot' this class and which provides for theintermittent action of the lever or handle in giving to the drill or bit a continuous rotary movement.

My invention consists in the details of the several parts ,making up the ratchet mechanism and in the combination of such parts as more particularly hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims. j Y

Referring to the drawings: Figure lis a detail side View of the tool holding end of a brace such as is used by carpenters. Fig. 2 is a detail top view. Fig. 3 is a detail view in lengthwise section on line os-x of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is a detail view in cross section of the device on plane denoted by line y--y of Fig. l showing the device with both jaws locked. Fig. 5 is a detail view in cross section on the same plane showing the device in position locking one of the jaws only. Fig. 6 is a detail plan view of the inner face of one of the jaws.

In the within application my invention is shown as applied to a carpenters brace such as is in common use for holding a bit for the purpose of boring holes, and itis equally applifiable to any form of ratchet drill or like too In the accompanying drawings the letter a denotes the stock of the brace (the lower end only of which Vis shown); o the rotary head supported in the stock and bearing the ratchet wheel c. The ratchet c is located in a transverse socket in the end of the stock in the form shown and has on its outer end any convenient form of tool holding jaw or clamp.

Pawls @,f, are attached to the stock in such manner, preferably by means of pivot pins e,f, asrwill enable them to be moved into and out of] engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel c. In the form shown these pawls are located for the greater part in the transverseisocket d in the end of the stock and on oppositesides of such socket with a spring g placed between and thrusting outward against Ythe inner ends of the pawls so as to tend to hold-their outer ends normally in engagement with the teeth on the ratchet Wheel c. The object of this arrangement of pawls and ratchet Wheel is to enable the rotary head to be driven in either direction or to be held by the pawls against movement in either direction. The pawls are set by means of a sliding bolt h which is arranged in a socket in the stock or the part supporting the pawls in such manner as to enable the sliding movement of the bolt to impart a sidewise swinging movement to the pawl to set the latter in position to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel orto hold either of the pawls out of engagement with the ratchet teeth. The bolt is preferably a cylindrical piece of metal having a shoulder h near each end, and near each shoulder a cam h2 with a recess t' or thinned portion of the bolt between the cams.

Each of the pawls is provided with a cam lug chf?, and when the bolt is in the midway position of its permitted sliding movement in the socket and between the pawls these cam lugs lie in the recess between the cams in such position that the outer ends of both of the pawls are held in position to make contact with the teeth on the ratchet wheel and prevent the latter from turning in either direction.

When the bolt is moved into the position shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings the outer end of the pawl fis moved outward allowing the ratchet wheel to turn in one direction while the cam lug of the pawl e is at the same time dropped into the recess in the bolt so as to cause the outer end of this pawl e to project into the path of movement of the teeth on the ratchet wheel and prevent a rotary movement of the wheel in one direction.

In order to reverse the order of engage- IOO ment of the pawls the bolt is slid to the opposite end of its play in which case the outer end of the 'pawl e is thrust outward by the cam on the bolt, while the lug on the pawlf dropsY into the recess on the bolt so as to throw its outer end into position so as to engage the ratchet teeth. These several lugs and cam surfaces are so formed as to enable the bolt to be held in either of its positions, while the shoulder on the bolt by contact with the edge of either of the pawls is prevented from sliding out of its socket.

A preferred form of pawl with its cam lug on the edge is shown in the face View of pawl e in Fig. 6 of the drawings and as usual the pawls are located with their outer ends on opposite sides of the ratchet wheel. They are duplicates of each other and can all be made from one pattern. The sliding bolt is readily made on a screw machine and the arrangement of the parts shown herein enables a cheap, simple and very efficient device to be provided for the described purpose. The cams h2 on the bolt are so shaped as to allow the cam lug e2 or f2, as the case may be, to engage the cam and hold the bolt from any sliding movement except when considerable pressure is exerted to move the bolt out of engagement with the cam lugs.

It is obvious that changes may be made in the details of the form and also of the arrange ment of the several parts without departing from my invention.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a ratchet mechanism in combination with a stock or lever, a rotary tool holder bearing a ratchet wheel, pawls arranged with holding jaws on opposite sides of the ratchet wheel with cam surfaces on their adjacent sides, and a sliding bolt having cam surfaces and a recess and located between the pawls, all substantially as described.

2. In a ratchet mechanism in combination with a stock or lever, a rotary tool holder bearing a ratchet Wheel, swinging pawls arranged to engage opposite sides of the ratchet wheel and having cam surfaces on their adjacent sides, and a sliding bolt having the shoulders, the cam surfaces and the recess to receive the cam lugs, said bolt `being arranged between the pawls, all substantially as described.

3. In a'ratchet mechanism in combination with a "stock or lever, a rotary tool holder bearing a ratchet wheel, the swinging pawls pivoted to the stock, the spring located between the pawls and acting normally to press their outer ends toward each other, the cam lugs on the adjacent sides of the pawls, and a sliding bolt having cam surfaces cooperating with the cam lugs on the pawls and located between the latter, all substantially as described.

4. In a ratchet mechanism in combination with a stock having the transverse socket, a rotary tool holder pivoted on the stock and bearin ga ratchet wheel located in said socket, the swinging pawls pivoted to the stock on opposite sides of said transverse socket, the springl thrusting against the opposing pawls and operating to hold their outer ends in engagement with the ratchet wheel, the cam lugs formed on opposite edges of the respective pawls, the sliding bolt having the shoulders with cams adjacent to the shoulders and a recess between the cams the bolts being arranged between the adjacent faces of the pawls beyond the pivots, all substantially as described.

HENRY V. SMITH.

Witnesses: Y

CHAs. L. BURDETT, Jos. ARTE. CANTIN. 

